Depression cyangwa indwara yo kwiheba, kwigunga n’agahinda gakabije, ni indwara abantu benshi bakunda kwirengagiza kandi nyamara ari indwara ikomeye isaba kwitabwaho nk’izindi zose kuko ihindura imyitwarire uyirwaye asanganywe, bityo ubuzima bwe bukangirika.
Ese uyirwaye arangwa n’ibihe bimenyetso?
Ibi ni bimwe mu bimenyetso byakwereka ko waba wugarijwe na depression, ku buryo mu gihe wakwisangaho kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri byo, ukwiye kugana inzobere mu by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe zikagufasha.
Ushobora no kubibona ku muntu mubana bya hafi na we ukaba wamugira inama yo kugana muganga.
Guhora wirenganya cyangwa wishinja amakosa runaka
Igihe indwara yo kwigunga no kwiheba bikabije yakugezeho, kenshi utangira kwirenganya ku bintu byinshi bitagenda neza muri wowe no ku bandi.
Niba hari uwo ukunda ubabaye, ukumva ko ari wowe ubitera, niba hari ikitagenda neza mu muryango ukumva ko ari wowe byose biturukaho.
Kutita ku isuku y’umubiri wawe
Byinshi witagaho birahinduka, mu gihe wumva wigunze cyangwa wihebye cyane.
Ni hahandi utangira kubona umuntu atoga, adashobora gusasa uburiri bwe, gusukura aho aba, kumesa imyenda n’ibindi.
Kumva ntacyo ukimaze
Abantu benshi bakunze kwibwira ko urwaye depression, bigaragazwa no guhora arira cyangwa agaragaza agahinda gakabije, guta umutwe bimwe abenshi bita ibisazi, nyamara hari igihe uyirwaye aba ari umuntu ugenda bisanzwe, gusa akumva muri we nta kintu amaze, ndetse nta n’icyo yafasha abandi.
Kurakazwa n’ubusa
Kurakazwa n’ubusa no guhorana umunabi ni kimwe mu bimenyetso bya depression benshi bakunze kwirengagiza, ndetse bakabyitiranya na stress nyamara bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’indwara ikomeye yo kwigunga no kwiheba bikabije.
Kubura ibitotsi
Depression itera ibibazo bitandukanye bijyanye n’ibitotsi, harimo kuba wabibura ukaba wajya kuryama wumva urushye cyane, wamara kugera ku buriri ibitotsi bikabura.
Ku rundi ruhande, no kuryama cyane bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cyo kwiheba no kwigunga bikabije.
Kunanirwa vuba
Kunanirwa gukora uturimo tworoheje nko koga, ugasanga biragusaba imbaraga nyinshi.
Mu gihe ubona utangiye kuzajya unanizwa no gukora uturimo tworoheje wari usanzwe ukora, ni ngombwa gusuzuma neza niba atari indwara yo kwiheba, kwigunga n’agahinda bikabije birimo kubigutera.
Kurota ibintu bibi cyangwa biteye ubwoba
Abantu barwaye indwara ya depression bakunda kurota kenshi ibintu biteye ubwoba cyangwa bibi, ugereranyije n’abasanzwe.
Kumva ntacyo ushaka gukora
Abenshi kuko baba batumva ibirimo kukubaho bazakwita umunebwe, kenshi bakubwira ko ntacyo ushoboye.
Kumva ushaka kuba wenyine
Indwara yo kwigunga, kwiheba n’agahinda bikabije bijyana no guhora wumva uri wenyine, ukumva udashaka uba hafi yawe.
Kubera ko uba wibwira ko ntawe ukumva, utangira kujya kure y’inshuti zawe, ukumva ntushaka kuba ahari abandi.
Mu gihe wumva utangiye kugira ibitekerezo byo kumva ushaka kuba wenyine, gerageza ushake uwo wizeye mwabiganiraho, kandi wirinde kuba wenyine igihe kirekire.
Imikorere mibi y’umubiri
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ikinyamakuru Journal of Clinical Psychiatry mu mwaka wa 2004, bwerekanye ko depression igaragazwa n’imikorere mibi y’umubiri nko kuribwa mu ngingo, kubabara umugongo, ibibazo bitandukanye by’igifu, guhorana umunaniro no kubura ibitotsi.
Mu gihe wumva utangiye kugaragaza kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, nk’uko ujya kwivuza iyo warwaye izindi ndwara, ni ngombwa kugana inzobere mu byerekeye imitekerereze n’indwara zo mu mutwe (psychologist cyangwa psychiatrist).
Mu gihe wivuje hakiri kare uhabwa inama zigufasha kwikura muri iki kibazo byakwanga ukaba wahabwa imiti.
Ese ni izihe ngaruka ziterwa na Depression?
Depression si indwara yo kwirengagiza kubera ingaruka zikomeye igira ku buzima bw’umuntu zirimo no kwiyahura.
Izo ngaruka ni izi:
1. Indwara zijyana n’imikorere mibi y’umubiri n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe
Ni indwara zifite impamvu zidasobanutse mu buryo bwa kiganga.
Muri zo harimo umunaniro uhoraho, ibibazo bigendana n’amagufwa n’imikaya biteza uburibwe butandukanye no kugenda nabi kw’igikorwa cy’imibonano mpuzabitsina.
2. Indwara z’umutima
Inyinshi mu ndwara z’umutima zituruka ku ndwara y’agahinda gakabije no kwigunga.
3. Diyabete
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko isano iri hagati ya diyabete na depression, ari ishingiye ku kwiyanga no kutita ku buzima, bigaragara cyane ku murwayi wa depression.
4. Indwara zandura
Abahanga mu by’ubuzima bavuga ko abarwayi ba depression baba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara zandura nk’agakoko gatera Sida (HIV), bitewe n’uko aba bantu bagira imyitwarire idasanzwe mu bijyanye n’imibonano mpuzabitsina.
Muri rusange indwara y’agahinda gakabije, kwiheba no kwigunga, igira ingaruka nyinshi zaba izishingiye ku buzima, ku kazi kari gatunze uyirwaye n’umusaruro atanga ndetse no ku mibanire ye n’umuryango we n’abandi bamukikije muri rusange.
5. Kwiyahura
Kuri iyi ngingo twaganiriye n’umuganga, impuguke mu buzima rusange ndetse n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere wikorera ku giti cye Dr. Anicet Nzabonimpa.
Yagize ati “Ingaruka ikomeye cyane kurusha izo zose ni uko umurwayi w’agahinda gakabije, kwiheba no kwigunga, birangira yiyahuye iyo atitaweho ngo avurwe neza.”
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’itsinda ry’abaganga bo mu Bufaransa muri Gicurasi 2014, nabwo bugaragaza ko abarwayi ba depression hagati ya 5 na 20 % biyahura.
Ubu bushakatsi kandi bwagaragaje ko mu barwayi ba depression, abangana na 25% bonyine ari bo babasha guhabwa ubufasha bw’abaganga bukwiriye, mu gihe abenshi mu biyahuye byagaragaye ko ari abatarabonye imiti irwanya iyi ndwara.
Ubu bushakashatsi kandi bukomeza bugaragaza ko 70 % by’abantu biyahura baba bararwaye depression, ibi byatanze umwanzuro uvuga koiyi ndwara ari impamvu nyamukuru itera abantu kwiyahura.
Dr Anicet agaragaza ko abarwaye iyi ndwara bafata kwiyahura nk’igisubizo cy’umubabaro baba bafite.
Ati “Icyakora na none, ni byiza kumenya ko n’ubwo abantu benshi barwaye depression batekereza kwiyahura batabasha kubigeraho, kandi ntabwo icyo baba bagendereye ari ugupfa, ahubwo ngo baba bashaka gushyira iherezo ku mibabaro baba batakibasha kwihanganira, kwiyahura bo babifata nk’uburyo bwo gucecekesha uwo mubabaro.”
Imibare ya Minisiteri y’Ubuzima mu Rwanda, yifashishije sisitemu yayo ishinzwe gukusanya amakuru HMIS (Heath Management Information System), ndetse n’ibitaro bya mbere mu gihugu mu kwita ku babana n’ubumuga bwo mu mutwe (Caraes Ndera), yerekanye ko mu mwaka wa 2022 kuva mu kwezi kwa Mutarama kugeza muri Kanama, yakiriye abarwayi 7,817 bari bahanganye na depression ugereranyije n’umubare wari uhari mu mwaka wari wabanje wa 2021.
Abana bari munsi y’imyaka 19 nibo bihariye 20% y’abayirwaye bose.
Mu gihe uwawe muganira ukumva afite ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura, ni byiza kumugeza kwa muganga byihuse aho kumutwama no kumubwira ibindi bintu byinshi, kandi utari umuganga wabihuguriwe kuko watuma aremba kurushaho.
Mu gutegura iyi mfashanyigisho twifashishije imbuga za Internet:
www.santemagazine.fr
www.la-deprresion.org
Fanny Umutoniwase
